Use the Connexion client (Windows-based software).
The following non-Latin scripts are supported for adding variant name headings and notes in authority records and can be used for constructing search terms: Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, and Korean. You can enter scripts in the client by installing languages and keyboards using Windows® settings. See documentation for the client for details.
Open the Authorities Search window.
Construct and save command line searches and process them all at once in a batch (available in the client only):
Note: There is no limit on the number of searches you can enter. However, the maximum number of search results you can download is 150 records. You can set the number of results to download, in the range 1 to 150, in Tools > Options > Batch tab.
Experienced searchers can use the Command Line Search box to enter a complete search or browse string in correct search syntax (i.e., enter all parts of a search or browse query in a single string in correct order and with correct spacing).
Note: For batch searching in the Connexion client, enter complete search strings as you do for the Command Line Search field. You cannot batch-process browse queries.
Searchers who do not want or need to remember index labels and syntax rules can use guided searching and browsing (that is, you enter the parts of a search and let the system create the correct syntax).
Note: You cannot enter a derived search or a browse query in the Keyword/Numeric Search area.
The workflows below provide search examples in command line format (i.e., in full search syntax)
Index | Example |
---|---|
ARN (an:) | an:01450635 or an:1450635 |
LCCN (ln:) |
|
ISBN (bn:) | bn:188610111 or bn:978188610111 |
ISSN (in:) | in:9999-4444x |
Index | Example Keyword search | Example Browse query |
---|---|---|
Children's Subjects | sj:fantasy | sca sj:fantasy |
Corporate/Conference Names | cn:habitat for humanity | sca cn:habitat for humanity |
Genre | ge:fiction films | sca ge:fiction films |
Geographic Names | gg:fort victoria, zimbabwe | sca gg:fort victoria, zimbabwe |
LC Names | nw:corgi | sca nw:corgi |
LCSH | su:cattle | sca su:cattle |
Personal Name | pn:pascal, blaise | sca pn:pascal, blaise |
Subdivision Headings | sb:criticism | sca sb:criticism |
Title | ti:creative mind | sca ti:creative mind |
Topicals | sp:literary | sca sp:literary |
See the Text keyword search examples for more examples.
Enter a specific number of initial characters from the words in a name, title, or subject, combined with commas in a pattern unique to each index, as shown in this table:
Derived index (label) | Number of characters/pattern | Examples |
---|---|---|
Personal Name (pd:) | 4,3,1 | Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus Enter moza,wol,a or pd:moza,wol,a |
Corporate/Conference/Geographic Name (cd:) | =4,3,1 | American Chemical Society Enter =chem,soc, or cd:chem,soc, Note:
|
Title (td:) | 3,2,2,1 | Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Enter adv,of,hu,f or td:adv,of,hu,f |
Subject (sd:) | 5,3 | civil rights Enter civil,rig or sd:civil,rig |
& a American an and Association at Australia Board Bureau Canada College Colloquium Commission Committee |
Commonwealth Conference Congress Council Department Dept. Division East Federal for France Great Britain House in India |
Institute International Joint Meeting National North of Office on Organization Parliament School Seminar Senate Society |
South State Subcommittee Symposium the U.N. U. N. United Nations United States University U.S. U. S. West Workshop All names of U.S. states |
Search for ... | Enter ... |
---|---|
Great Britain Forestry Commission (Omit “Great Britain"—in first position.) |
cd:fore,com, |
African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (Include “Commission” and “on”—not in first position.) |
cd:afri,com,o |
India (Include the word, even though it is in first position—it is the only word.) |
cd:indi,, |
Indiana State University (Use all words—they are all stopwords.) |
cd:indi,sta,u |
Enter Boolean operators to combine full searches in the Command Line or enter in a single guided search box to combine multiple terms to search a single index.
Operator | What the operator does |
---|---|
and | Finds records containing all terms anywhere in a record.
|
or | Finds records containing any single term or all terms.
|
not | Excludes records containing the term that follows not.
|
Use the truncation symbol in search terms to retrieve variant endings.
Symbol | How to use |
---|---|
* (asterisk) | Add to the end of a word to retrieve variant endings.
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Use wildcard symbols in search terms to mask characters or find variant spellings.
Symbol | How to use |
---|---|
# | Add to the end of a word to retrieve variant endings.
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? | Replace multiple unknown characters in a word
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?n | Specify the number of characters to replace (where n = the number of characters, 1-9)
|
The following numeric search indexes cannot be used for browsing:
Index name (label) | Fields and subfields indexed |
---|---|
ARN (an:) | 001 |
LCCN (ln:) | 010 a z 667 a (see note following this table) |
ISBN (bn:) | 020 a z |
ISSN (in:) | 022 a y z |
ISSN-L (ik:) | 022 l m |
Note: Indexing field 667 for LCCNs helps identify personal names that were previously in undifferentiated authority records, but were subsequently established as separate authority records, using unique control numbers. The index matches only the word undifferentiated (in upper- or lowercase) in field 667. LCCNs in field 667 are not compared or verified with LCCNs in field 010.
The following indexes are available for both searching and browsing, unless noted:
Index name (labels) |
Fields indexed | Subfields indexed (keyword) |
Subfields indexed (browse—root) |
---|---|---|---|
Cartographic Data (cm:) | 034 | d e f g z | Not applicable |
Cataloging source (cs:) | 040 | a c d | Not applicable |
Children’s Subjects (sj:) | 046 | f g | f g |
100, 400, 500, 700 | a b c d e f h j k l m n o p q r s t v x y z | a b c d f h j k l m n o p q r s t | |
110, 410, 510, 710 | a b c d e f g h j k l m n o p q r s t v x y z | a b c d f g h j k l m n o p r s t | |
111, 411, 511, 711 | a b c d e f g h j k l m n o p q r s t v x y z | a b c d f g h j k l m n p q s t | |
130, 430, 530, 730 | a b c d e f g h j k l m n o p q r s t v x y z | a d f g h k l m n o p r s t | |
150, 450, 550, 750 | a b v x y z | a b | |
151, 451, 551, 751 | a v x y z | a | |
180, 480, 580, 780 | v x y z | v x y z | |
181, 481, 581, 781 | v x y z (781 z) | v x y z (781 z) | |
182, 482, 582, 782 | v x y z | v x y z | |
185, 485, 585, 785 | v x y z | v x y z | |
Corporate/ Conference Names (cn: or co:) |
110, 410, 510, 710 | a b c d e n | a b c d e n |
111, 411, 511, 711 | a c d e j n q | a b c d e j n q | |
151, 451, 551, 751 | a | a | |
Descriptive Rules (dx:) | 040 | e | Not applicable |
Entity Attribute (en:) | 046 | f g k l s t | Not applicable |
368 | a b c | Not applicable | |
370 | a b c e f g s t | Not applicable | |
371 | a b c d e m s t z | Not applicable | |
372, 373, 374, 375 | a s t | Not applicable | |
376 | a b c s t | Not applicable | |
377 | a l | Not applicable | |
378 | q | Not applicable | |
380, 381, 384 | a | Not applicable | |
382 | a b d p v | Not applicable | |
383 | a b c d e | Not applicable | |
Genre (ge:) | 155, 455, 555, 755 | a v x y z | a |
Geographic Names (gg:) | 151, 451, 551, 751 | a v x y z | a |
Keyword (kw:) | All variable fields | All subfields | Not applicable |
LC Names (nw:) See Note 1 below. |
046 | f g | f g |
100, 400, 500, 700 | a b c d f h j k l m n o p q r s t | a b c d e j q | |
110, 410, 510, 710 | a b c d f g h k l m n o p r s t | a b c d e n | |
111, 411, 511, 711 | a c d e f g h j k l n p q s t | a c d e j n q | |
151, 451, 551, 751 | a | a | |
130, 430, 530, 730 | a d f g h k l m n o p r s t | a d g h k l m n o p r s t | |
LCSH (su:) See Note 2 below. |
046 | f g | f g |
100, 400, 500, 700 | a b c d e f h j k l m n o p q r s v x y z | a b c d f h j k l m n o p q r s t | |
110, 410, 510, 710 | a b c d e f g h j k l m n o p q r s v x y z | a b c d f g h j k l m n o p r s t | |
111, 411, 511, 711 | a b c d e f g h j k l m n o p q r s v x y z | a b c d e f g h j k l n p q s t | |
130, 430, 530, 730 | a b c d e f g h j k l m n o p q r s v x y z | a d f g h k l m n o p r s t | |
150, 450, 550, 750 | a b v x y z | a b | |
151, 451, 551, 751 | a v x y z | a | |
180, 480, 580, 780 | v x y z | v x y z | |
181, 481, 581, 781 | v x y z (781 z) | v x y z (781 z) | |
182, 481, 582, 782 | v x y z | v x y z | |
185, 485, 585, 785 | v x y z | v x y z | |
Notes (nt:) | 663, 664 | a b t | Not applicable |
665, 666, 667, 675, 688 |
a | Not applicable | |
670, 678 | a b u | Not applicable | |
680, 681, 682 | a i | Not applicable | |
Personal Names (pn:) | 046 | f g | f g |
100, 400, 500, 700 | a b c d e j q | a b c d e j q | |
Relationship (rx:) | 100, 400, 500, 700 | e j | Not applicable |
110, 410, 510, 710 | e | Not applicable | |
111, 411, 511, 711 | j | Not applicable | |
400, 410, 411, 430, 450, 451, 455, 480, 481, 482, 485 | i 4 | Not applicable | |
500, 510, 511, 530, 550, 551, 555, 580, 581, 582, 585 | i 4 | Not applicable | |
Subdivision Headings (sb:) | 180, 480, 580, 789 | v x y z | v x y z |
181, 481, 581, 781 | v x y z (781 z) | v x y z (781 z) | |
182, 481, 582, 782 | v x y z | v x y z | |
185, 485, 585, 785 | v x y z | v x y z | |
Titles (ti:) See Note 3 below |
100, 400, 500, 700 | f g h k l m n o p r s t | f g h k l m n o p r s t |
110, 410, 510, 710 | d f g h k l m n o p r s t | d f g h k l m n o p r s t | |
111, 411, 511, 711 | d f g h k l n p s t | d f g h k l n p s t | |
130, 430, 530, 730 | a d f g h k l m n o p r s t | a d f g h k l m n o p r s t | |
031 | d t | d t | |
Topicals (sp:) | 150, 450, 550, 750 | a b v x y z | a b |
Note 1: The The LC Names index includes all Library of Congress authority records with the 010 prefix starting with n* (n, nb, no, nr, ns). Note 2: The LCSH index contains all Library of Congress authority records with the 010 prefix sh and sj, as well as X51 headings from authority records with the 010 prefix starting with n* (n, nb, no, nr, ns). Note 3: Subfields for the Titles index for tags X00, X10, X11 are the reverse of subfields indexed for personal, corporate, and conference name indexes. In these notes, X represents any number. |
The following derived search indexes are unavailable for browsing:
Index name (label) (pattern) | Fields indexed | Subfields indexed |
---|---|---|
Personal Name (pd:) (4,3,1) | 100, 400, 500, 700 | a |
Corporate, Conference, or Geographic Name (cd:) (=4,3,1) | 110, 410, 510, 710 | a b |
111, 411, 511, 711 | a e | |
151, 451, 551, 751, 781 | a v x y z | |
Title (td:) (3,2,2,1) | 100, 400, 500, 700 | f g h k l m n o p r s t |
110, 410, 510, 710 | d f g h k l m n o p r s t | |
111, 411, 511, 711 | d f g h k l n p s t | |
130, 430, 530, 730 | a d f g h k l m n o p r s t | |
Subject (sd:) (5,3) | 150, 450, 550, 750 | a v x y z |
180, 480, 580, 780 | v x y z | |
181, 481, 581, 781 | v x y z (781 z) | |
182, 482, 582, 782 | v x y z | |
185, 485, 585, 785 | v x y z |